PKG ENGLISH STUDY CENTRE
Class: X | Comprehensive Mock Test (30 Questions Combo)
Subject: English Comprehensive Grammar Test | F.M. 35
PART A: VOICE CHANGE
1. The headmaster gave him a letter.
Ans: He was given a letter by the headmaster. / A letter was given to him by the headmaster.
Rule: Double Object-যুক্ত বাক্য। Indirect object (him) কে Subject (He) করা হয়েছে + was given।
2. Shut the door immediately.
Ans: Let the door be shut immediately.
Rule: Imperative Command. Let + Object (the door) + be + V3 (shut).
3. Who wrote this historical drama?
Ans: By whom was this historical drama written?
Rule: Interrogative with 'Who'. 'Who' পরিবর্তিত হয়ে 'By whom' + was + Object + V3।
4. A car ran over the poor dog.
Ans: The poor dog was ran over by a car.
Rule: Group Verb-যুক্ত Simple Past Tense। Preposition-টি (over) মূল Verb-এর সাথেই থাকবে।
5. They are watching a cricket match.
Ans: A cricket match is being watched by them.
Rule: Present Continuous. Object + is/am/are + being + V3 (watched) + by + them.
PART B: NARRATION CHANGE
6. Father said to Swami, "Have you no school today?"
Ans: Father asked Swami if he had no school that day.
Rule: Interrogative (Yes/No). 'said to' -> 'asked', Linker 'if' বসেছে, 'today' -> 'that day'।
7. The teacher said, "Man is mortal."
Ans: The teacher said that man is mortal.
Rule: Universal Truth (চিরন্তন সত্য)। তাই ভেতরের Tense অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে।
8. Rita said to me, "Please lend me your book."
Ans: Rita requested me to lend her my book.
Rule: Imperative (Request). 'said to' -> 'requested' এবং ইনফিনিটিভ 'to' দিয়ে যুক্ত হয়েছে।
9. The boy said, "Hurrah! We have won the shield."
Ans: The boy exclaimed with joy that they had won the shield.
Rule: Exclamatory. 'said' -> 'exclaimed with joy' এবং Present Perfect পরিবর্তিত হয়ে Past Perfect হয়েছে।
10. He said to his sister, "May God bless you."
Ans: He wished/prayed that God might bless his sister .
Rule: Optative Sentence. 'said to' -> 'wished/prayed', 'May' পরিবর্তিত হয়ে 'might' বসেছে।
PART C: DEGREE CHANGE
11. Iron is the most useful metal. (Positive)
Ans: No other metal is so useful as iron.
Rule: Superlative-এ সাধারণ 'the' থাকলে Positive করার সময় 'No other' দিয়ে শুরু হয়।
12. Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world. (Comparative)
Ans: Mount Everest is higher than any other peak in the world.
Rule: 'the + adjective-est' থাকলে Comparative-এ 'adjective-er + than any other' বসে।
13. Kolkata is bigger than most other cities in India. (Superlative)
Ans: Kolkata is one of the biggest cities in India.
Rule: Comparative-এ 'than most other' থাকলে Superlative করার সময় 'one of the + V3' বসে।
14. No other boy in the class is so clever as Ram. (Comparative)
Ans: Ram is cleverer than any other boy in the class.
Rule: 'No other' যুক্ত বাক্যকে Comparative করতে গেলে 'than any other' ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
15. A tiger runs faster than a deer. (Positive)
Ans: A deer does not run so fast as a tiger.
Rule: দুজনের মধ্যে তুলনা হলে হ্যা-বাচক বাক্যটি না-বাচক পজিটিভে রূপান্তরিত হয়।
PART D: TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES
16. As soon as he saw the tiger, he fled. (Negative)
Ans: No sooner had he seen the tiger than he fled.
Rule: 'As soon as' পরিবর্তিত হয়ে 'No sooner had + subject + V3... than' বসে।
17. He is too weak to walk fast. (Omit 'too')
Ans: He is so weak that he cannot walk fast.
Rule: 'too...to' তুলে দিয়ে জটিল বাক্যে রূপান্তরের জন্য 'so...that + cannot/couldnot' বসে।
18. Only a brave man can face this danger. (Negative)
Ans: None but a brave man can face this danger.
Rule: ব্যক্তিবাচক বাক্যে 'Only' থাকলে তা পরিবর্তিত হয়ে শুরুতে 'None but' বসে।
19. Though he is poor, he is honest. (Compound)
Ans: He is poor but he is honest. / He is poor, yet honest.
Rule: 'Though' (বিপরীতধর্মী) জটিল বাক্যকে যৌগিক করতে Co-ordinating conjunction 'but' বা 'yet' বসে।
20. What a beautiful sight it is! (Assertive)
Ans: It is a very beautiful sight.
Rule: Exclamatory থেকে সাধারণ বর্ণনামূলক বাক্যে রূপান্তরের সময় তীব্রতা বোঝাতে 'very' বা 'great' বসে।
PART E: SYNTHESIS / JOINING
21. He finished his homework. He went out to play. (Simple)
Ans: Having finished his homework, he went out to play. / Finishing his homework, he went out to play.
Rule: একটি কাজ শেষ হওয়ার পর আরেকটি বোঝালে Perfect Participle ('Having + V3') ব্যবহার করা শ্রেষ্ঠ।
22. The boy was tiny. He could not climb the tree. (Complex)
Ans: As the boy was tiny, he could not climb the tree. / The boy was so tiny that he could not climb the tree.
Rule: Adverbial Clause of cause ('As' / 'Since') অথবা 'so... that' ব্যবহার করে জটিল বাক্য গঠন।
23. He heard the news. He fainted immediately. (Simple)
Ans: On hearing the news, he fainted. / Hearing the news, he fainted.
Rule: Preposition + Gerund ('On hearing') অথবা Present Participle ব্যবহার করে সরল বাক্য গঠন।
24. Work hard. You will fail in the examination. (Compound)
Ans: Work hard or you will fail in the examination. / Work hard otherwise you will fail in the examination.
Rule: শর্তসাপেক্ষ আদেশসূচক বাক্য দুটিকে যুক্ত করতে Alternative Conjunction 'or' বা 'otherwise' বসে।
25. A man came here yesterday. He was a great doctor. (Complex)
Ans: The man who came here yesterday was a great doctor.
Rule: ব্যক্তিবাচক পদের বিবরণ দিতে Adjective Clause/Relative Pronoun 'who' ব্যবহার করে সংযোজন।
PART F: PARTS OF SPEECH TRANSFORMATION (NOUN - VERB)
26. He gave a sharp reply. (Change 'reply' into Verb)
Ans: He replied sharply.
Rule: 'gave a reply'-এর বদলে সরাসরি 'replied' (V2) করা হলো এবং Adjective 'sharp'-টি Adverb 'sharply' হয়ে গেল।
27. She succeeded in her first attempt. (Change 'succeeded' into Noun)
Ans: She got success in her first attempt. / Success was achieved by her in her first attempt.
Rule: Verb 'succeeded'-এর Noun form হলো 'success'। বাক্য ঠিক রাখতে 'got' বা 'achieved' verb ধার নিতে হলো।
28. We must show kindness to animals. (Change 'kindness' into Verb)
Ans: We must be kind to animals. / We must treat animals kindly.
Note: 'Kindness'-এর সরাসরি মূল রূপটি এখানে Adjective বা Adverb হিসেবে সহজে বসে। (যদি 'Kind' ব্যবহার করা হয়)।
29. Smoke pollutes our air. (Change 'pollutes' into Noun)
Ans: Smoke causes pollution of our air.
Rule: Verb 'pollutes'-এর Noun রূপ হলো 'pollution'। বাক্য গঠনের খাতিরে 'causes' সমাপিকা ক্রিয়া যোগ করা হলো।
30. The teacher promised to help us. (Change 'promised' into Noun)
Ans: The teacher made a promise to help us.
Rule: Verb 'promised'-এর Noun রূপ 'promise'। বাক্যটিকে সম্পূর্ণ করতে 'made a' ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে।
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