Rasa

 

1. The Erotic (Shringara)

• Sthayi Bhava: Love or Attraction (Rati)

• Description:

Shringara Rasa arises from feelings of love, attraction, and beauty. It is one of the most dominant rasas and is often found in romantic poetry, dance, and drama. It deals with emotions like desire, affection, tenderness, and passion. Shringara can be of two types: Sambhoga (love in union) and Vipralambha (love in separation). The presence of beauty, emotional longing, and graceful expressions are central to this rasa.

________________________________________

2. The Comic (Hasya)

• Sthayi Bhava: Laughter (Hasya)

• Description:

Hasya Rasa is born out of humorous or comical situations. It expresses joy, mirth, satire, or ridicule. This rasa is often portrayed through light-hearted dialogue, witty exchanges, and funny character behavior. It helps create relief or balance in a serious or emotionally intense narrative. There are different degrees of this rasa, from gentle smiles to loud laughter.

________________________________________

3. The Pathetic (Karuna)

• Sthayi Bhava: Sorrow (Shoka)

• Description:

Karuna Rasa is the emotion of sadness, compassion, and sympathy. It arises from the experiences of suffering, loss, separation, or tragedy. This rasa is commonly used in emotional scenes involving death, misfortune, or hardship. It evokes empathy in the audience and helps them connect deeply with the characters' pain.

________________________________________

4. The Heroic (Veera)

• Sthayi Bhava: Heroism (Utsaha)

• Description:

Veera Rasa represents courage, determination, and self-confidence. It is typically seen in tales of warriors, leaders, or noble heroes who face challenges boldly. This rasa is filled with energy, bravery, moral strength, and righteousness. It uplifts and inspires the audience through depictions of valor and noble deeds.

________________________________________

5. The Terrifying (Bhayanaka)

• Sthayi Bhava: Fear (Bhaya)

• Description:

Bhayanaka Rasa arises from terrifying or dreadful situations. It evokes fear, anxiety, or horror in the minds of the audience. It is portrayed through suspenseful scenes, danger, supernatural elements, or emotional insecurity. Characters facing grave threats, or expressions of dread and helplessness, are typical of this rasa.

________________________________________

6. The Furious (Raudra)

• Sthayi Bhava: Anger (Krodha)

• Description:

Raudra Rasa is the aesthetic experience of fury, rage, or wrath. It arises when characters face injustice, insult, or betrayal and respond with aggression or violence. It can be intense and forceful, often found in epics and dramatic confrontations. The expression of this rasa can be physical (fighting, shouting) or emotional (burning hatred).

________________________________________

7. The Odious/Repelling (Bibhatsa)

• Sthayi Bhava: Disgust (Jugupsa)

• Description:

Bibhatsa Rasa is evoked through scenes that cause repulsion or moral aversion. It can arise from physical filth, ugly behavior, or unethical acts. This rasa helps to show what is considered unacceptable in society, whether visually grotesque or psychologically disturbing. It is used to show the darker sides of human nature.

________________________________________

8. The Marvelous (Adbhuta)

• Sthayi Bhava: Wonder (Vismaya)

• Description:

Adbhuta Rasa captures the feeling of amazement, surprise, or awe. It is evoked by extraordinary events, miracles, or magical elements. This rasa inspires curiosity and admiration and is commonly found in mythology, fantasy, or science fiction. It encourages the audience to think beyond the ordinary.

________________________________________

9. The Tranquil (Shanta)

• Sthayi Bhava: Calmness or Detachment (Shama)

• Description:

Shanta Rasa represents peace, spiritual contentment, and inner harmony. It is associated with detachment from worldly desires and attainment of higher knowledge or enlightenment. Unlike the other rasas, which are based on emotional upheaval, Shanta is serene and still. It is especially prominent in philosophical, spiritual, or devotional literature.

________________________________________

Summary Table

Sthayi Bhava Rasa (Aesthetic Experience) Rasa Name (Sanskrit)

Love or Attraction The Erotic Shringara

Laughter The Comic Hasya

Sorrow The Pathetic Karuna

Heroism The Heroic Veera

Fear The Terrifying Bhayanaka

Anger The Furious Raudra

Disgust The Odious/Repelling Bibhatsa

Wonder The Marvelous Adbhuta

Calmness/Detachment The Tranquil Shanta