Shortcut Rules of Voice Change

on April 01, 2026

Shortcut Rules of Voice Change By PKG SIR

1. Tense in Voice (Formula & Examples)

Tense	Active Formula	Passive Formula	Example (Passive)
Present Indefinite	V₁ + s/es	am/is/are + V₃	A song is sung by her.
Present Continuous	am/is/are + V₁ + ing	am/is/are + being + V₃	A song is being sung.
Present Perfect	has/have + V₃	has/have + been + V₃	A song has been sung.
Past Indefinite	V₂ (Past Form)	was/were + V₃	A song was sung.
Past Continuous	was/were + V₁ + ing	was/were + being + V₃	A song was being sung.
Past Perfect	had + V₃	had + been + V₃	A song had been sung.
Future Indefinite	shall/will + V₁	shall/will + be + V₃	A song will be sung.
Future Perfect	will have + V₃	will have + been + V₃	A song will have been sung.

2. Change in Pronouns

Active (Subject)	Passive (Agent)
I	me
We	us
You	you
He	him
She	her
They	them

Quick Rules to Remember:

Object becomes Subject.
Subject becomes Agent (usually with 'by').
Always use the V₃ (Past Participle) form of the verb.
Check the Tense and add the correct 'Be' verb (am, is, are, was, were, been, being).

Examples

ভয়েস পরিবর্তনের মূল মন্ত্র হলো: Object হবে Subject, আর Subject যাবে Object-এর জায়গায় (by সহ)। মূল ভার্ব সবসময় Past Participle (V3) হবে।

Tense	Auxiliary Verb (Passive)	Example (Active → Passive)
Present Indefinite	am / is / are	I write the letter. → The letter is written by me.
Present Continuous	am being / is being / are being	I am writing the letter. → The letter is being written by me.
Present Perfect	have been / has been	I have written the letter. → The letter has been written by me.
Past Indefinite	was / were	I wrote the letter. → The letter was written by me.
Past Continuous	was being / were being	I was writing the letter. → The letter was being written by me.
Past Perfect	had been	I had written the letter. → The letter had been written by me.
Future Indefinite	shall be / will be	I will write the letter. → The letter will be written by me.
Future Perfect	will have been	I will have written the letter. → The letter will have been written by me.

প্রো টিপস: মনে রাখবেন, Continuous মানেই Passive-এ একটি 'being' আসবে এবং Perfect মানেই একটি 'been' আসবে।

Active to Passive Voice: Sentences with "Please"

In English grammar, when an active sentence begins with "Please" or "Kindly," it expresses a request. To change these into passive voice, we follow a specific structure.

The Rule:
Replace "Please" with "You are requested to" and keep the rest of the sentence the same.

Examples Table

Active Voice (Request)	Passive Voice
Please help me.	You are requested to help me.
Please sit down.	You are requested to sit down.
Please lend me your pen.	You are requested to lend me your pen.
Please do not smoke.	You are requested not to smoke.

Imperative Sentence-এর Passive Voice করার নিয়ম

গঠনরীতি (Rules):

বাক্যটি Let দিয়ে শুরু হবে (না-বাচক বা 'Don't' থাকলে Let not বসবে)।
Active Voice-এর Object-টি Subject হয়ে বসবে।
এরপর একটি 'be' বসাতে হবে।
মূল Verb-এর Past Participle (V3) রূপ বসবে।
শেষে সাধারণত (by you) উহ্য থাকে, তবে প্রয়োজনবোধে লেখা যায়।

Examples (উদাহরণসমূহ)

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Make tea. (চা তৈরি করো)	Let tea be made (by you).
Do not beat the boy. (ছেলেটিকে মেরো না)	Let not the boy be beaten (by you).
Take care of your health.	Let your health be taken care of.
Do not waste time.	Let not time be wasted.

Let যখন Active Voice-এ নিজেই থাকে:

যদি Active Voice-টিই Let দিয়ে শুরু হয় (First বা Third Person-এর ক্ষেত্রে), তবে Passive করার সময় নিচের নিয়মটি ফলো করো:

Example: Let me do it.
Passive: Let it be done by me.

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Imperative Sentence: Active to Passive Voice

Group A: Positive & Negative Imperatives

Active Voice (Bengali & English)	Passive Voice
তোমার শরীরের যত্ন নাও - Take care of your health.	Let your health be taken care of (by you).
চা তৈরি কর - Make tea.	Let tea be made (by you).
ছেলেটিকে মেরো না - Do not beat the boy.	Let not the boy be beaten (by you).
গরিবদের উপহাস কোরো না - Do not laugh at the poor.	Let not the poor be laughed at (by you).
টি ভি দেখো না - Do not watch television.	Let not television be watched (by you).
সময় নষ্ট কোরো না - Do not waste time.	Let not time be wasted (by you).

গঠনরীতি (Rules):

Let দিয়ে বাক্যটি শুরু হবে (না-বাচক বাক্য হলে Let not বসবে)।
Object-টি Subject হয়ে বসবে।
'be' বসাতে হবে।
মূল Verb-এর Past Participle (V3) বসবে।
বন্ধনীতে (by you) লিখতে হয়, কারণ এখানে You উহ্য থাকে।

Group B: Active Voice starting with 'Let'

যখন Active Voice-এ First (me/us) বা Third Person (him/them/name) থাকে, তখন নিয়মটি নিম্নরূপ:

Active Voice	Passive Voice
এটা আমাকে করতে দাও - Let me do it.	Let it be done by me.
স্বপনকে চেয়ারটা আনতে দাও - Let Swapan bring the chair.	Let the chair be brought by Swapan.
মেয়েটিকে একটি গান গাইতে দাও - Let the girl sing a song.	Let a song be sung by the girl.

Advanced Voice Change: Imperative & Interrogative

1. Imperative: Advice & Requests (উপদেশ ও অনুরোধ)

কিছু Imperative sentence-এ 'Let' এর বদলে Should বা Requested ব্যবহার করা বেশি শ্রুতিমধুর।

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Tell him to come. (তাকে আসতে বলো)	He should be told to come.
Keep your promise. (তোমার কথা রাখো)	Your promise should be kept.
Enter by this gate. (এই গেট দিয়ে প্রবেশ করুন)	You are requested to enter by this gate.
Please keep off the green. (ঘাস থেকে দূরে থাকুন)	You are requested to keep off the green.
Do not lean out of the window.	You are requested not to lean out of the window.

2. Interrogative Sentences (প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্য)

প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যের ক্ষেত্রে Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb-টি বাক্যের শুরুতে বসে।

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Do you know this? (তুমি কি এটি জানো?)	Is this known to you?
Does Mahua sing songs?	Are songs sung by Mahua?
Is he writing a letter?	Is a letter being written by him?

Note: "Let a song be sung by the girl" বাক্যটি ব্যাকরণগতভাবে সঠিক হলেও বাস্তবে "Let the girl sing a song" (Active) ব্যবহার করাই বেশি প্রচলিত।

Interrogative Sentence-এর Voice Change করার নিয়ম

Group A: Yes/No Questions

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Are the girls plucking flowers?	Are flowers being plucked by the girls?
Have you helped him?	Has he been helped by you?
Has he chosen me?	Have I been chosen by him?
Did Ramu sweep the room?	Was the room swept by Ramu?
Did you beat them?	Were they beaten by you?
Shall I take this medicine?	Will this medicine be taken by me?
Will you teach me?	Shall I be taught by you?

Note: Interrogative Sentence-এ Object-টি যখন Subject হয়, তখন Tense অনুযায়ী 'to be' বা 'to have' Verb-এর উপযুক্ত রূপটি তার আগে বসে। যেমন: 'me' যখন Subject হয়ে 'I' হয়, তখন তার আগে 'shall' বসে।

Group B: Wh- Questions (What, When, Where, Why)

Active Voice	Passive Voice
What does he want?	What is wanted by him?
What did you tell him?	What was he told by you?
When did you write the letter?	When was the letter written by you?
Where did Anil find the bag?	Where was the bag found by Anil?
Which saree has Mou selected?	Which saree has been selected by Mou?
How did you open the door?	How was the door opened by you?
Why does Biswajit beat the boy?	Why is the boy beaten by Biswajit?
When will the child take rice?	When will rice be taken by the child?

Passive Voice of Quasi-Passive Verb

(কর্মকর্তৃবাচ্যের কর্মবাচ্যে রূপান্তর)

কোনো কোনো Verb, Active Voice-এ ব্যবহৃত হয়েও Passive-এর অর্থ প্রকাশ করে। ঐ সকল Verb কে Quasi-Passive Verb (Quasi = half) বলে।

এই ধরনের Verb এর মধ্যে আছে— Taste, feel, read, smell ইত্যাদি।

A. Quasi-Passive Verbs with a Complement

পরিপূরকের সাথে ব্যবহৃত Quasi-Passive Verb

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Honey tastes sweet. (মধু খেতে মিষ্টি)	Honey is sweet when it is tasted. (মধু মিষ্টি যখন এর স্বাদ নেওয়া হয়)
Stone feels hard. (পাথর শক্ত অনুভূত হয়)	Stone is hard when it is felt. (পাথর শক্ত যখন এটি অনুভব করা হয়)
The book reads well. (বইটি পড়তে ভালো)	The book is well (pleasing) when it is read. (বইটি ভালো যখন এটি পড়া হয়)
The rose smells sweet. (গোলাপ গন্ধে মিষ্টি)	The rose is sweet when it is smelt. (গোলাপ মিষ্টি যখন এর গন্ধ নেওয়া হয়)
Sugar sells at twenty rupees a kilogram.	Sugar costs twenty rupees a kilogram when it is sold.
This bed feels soft. (এই বিছানাটি নরম অনুভূত হয়)	This bed is soft when it is felt.
This word sounds good. (এই শব্দটি শুনতে ভালো)	This word is good when it is read/heard.

■ Note : ওপরের দৃষ্টান্তগুলিতে Active Voice-এর প্রতি বাক্যে লক্ষ কর যে, sentence এর Subject আসলে নিজে কোনও কাজ করছে না, অথচ প্রতিটি বাক্যে একটি করে Finite Verb তার সঙ্গে ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে। এই Finite Verb গুলি বরং কর্তার বা Subject-এর নিষ্ক্রিয়ভাব (Passive) প্রকাশ করছে। যেমন, প্রথম বাক্যটিতে 'taste' Finite Verb হলেও honey নিজে কোনও কাজ করছে না।

Advanced Voice Change: Part 2

B. Quasi-Passive Verbs without a Complement

(পরিপূরক ছাড়া Quasi-Passive Verb)

এই ধরণের বাক্যে Active Voice-এর গঠন অনেকটা Continuous Tense-এর মতো মনে হলেও অর্থ প্যাসিভ থাকে।

Active Voice (English & Bengali)	Passive Voice
The house is building. (বাড়িটি তৈরি হচ্ছে)	The house is being built.
The book is printing. (বইটি ছাপা হচ্ছে)	The book is being printed.
Mangoes are selling. (আমগুলি বিকোচ্ছে)	Mangoes are being sold.
The drums are beating. (ঢোল বাজছে)	The drums are being beaten.
The cows are milking. (গরুগুলি দোহাচ্ছে)	The cows are being milked.
The bell is ringing. (ঘণ্টা বাজছে)	The bell is being rung.

Passive Voice of Intransitive Verbs

(অকর্মক ক্রিয়ার Passive Voice)

সাধারণত Intransitive Verb-এর প্যাসিভ হয় না, কিন্তু যখন এরা একটি Cognate Object গ্রহণ করে, তখন প্যাসিভ করা সম্ভব।

Active Voice	Passive Voice
The boys ran a race.	A race was run by the boys.
They slept a sound sleep.	A sound sleep was slept by them.
Bipasa sang a nice song.	A nice song was sung by Bipasa.
I dreamt a beautiful dream.	A beautiful dream was dreamt by me.

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Active to Passive Voice: Sentences with "Don't"

When an active sentence starts with "Don't" (Negative Imperative), we can change the voice using two common methods:

Method 1: Using "Let"
Formula: Let not+ object + be + V3 (Past Participle)

Method 1: Using "You are forbidden/advised/requested"
Formula: You are forbidden to + V1 ... OR You are advised not to + V1 ...

Examples Table

Active Voice (Don't)	Passive Voice
Don't shut the door.	You are forbidden to shut the door.
Don't pluck flowers.	You are forbidden to pluck flowers.
Don't waste your time.	You are advised not to waste your time.
Don't smoke here.	You are forbidden to smoke here.
Don't touch the wire.	You are warned not to touch the wire.

Pro Tips for Students

"Forbidden" vs "Not to": If you use "forbidden," do not use "not" (e.g., You are forbidden to go).
The "Let" variation: You can also write "Let the door not be shut"—both "Let not..." and "Let... not..." are grammatically correct.
Intention: Use ordered for commands, advised for suggestions, and requested for polite "Don'ts".

Important Tips

Remove "Please": Do not use the word "please" in the passive sentence; "requested" already covers it.
The Infinitive: Always use the base form of the verb after "to" (e.g., to help, to sit, to go).
Negative Requests: For "Please do not," use "You are requested not to..."

Voice Change: Prepositions & Multiple Finite Verbs

1. Passive Voice with Different Prepositions

অধিকাংশ ক্ষেত্রে Passive Voice-এ 'by' বসে, কিন্তু কিছু নির্দিষ্ট Verb-এর পর to, with, at, in, from ইত্যাদি বসে।

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Cats kill mice.	Mice are killed by cats.
I know the man.	The man is known to me.
Her work satisfied me.	I was satisfied with her work.
He displeased his father.	His father was displeased with him.
Your failure surprises me.	I am surprised at your failure.
This cup contains tea.	Tea is contained in this cup.
Light filled the room.	The room was filled with light.
Dust covered the table.	The table was covered with dust.

Note: যখন Active Voice-এ কর্তা বস্তুবাচক (materials) হয়, তখন Passive করার সময় সাধারণত 'with' Preposition-টি বসে।

2. Use of Auxiliary Verbs with Multiple Subjects

একই Passive বাক্যে দুটি Finite Verb থাকলে এবং তাদের Subject-এর Number ও Person আলাদা হলে, প্রত্যেকটির আগে আলাদা Auxiliary Verb ব্যবহার করতে হবে।

One person was killed and five were wounded.
The shop was burnt and all the articles were destroyed.
Three prisoners were fined and one was released.
Out of the four boys one was praised and three were censured.
One of these essays was published in a newspaper and the rest were rejected.

Wh- Questions: Voice Change Rules

Rule 1: Who এবং Whom এর ব্যবহার

Active-এ Who থাকলে Passive করার সময় By whom দিয়ে শুরু হয়।
Active-এ Whom থাকলে Passive করার সময় Who দিয়ে শুরু হয়।

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Who broke the glass?	By whom was the glass broken?
Who is calling me?	By whom am I being called?
Whom do you want?	Who is wanted by you?

Rule 2: What, Which, When, Where, Why, How

এদের ক্ষেত্রে Wh-word টি অপরিবর্তিত থাকে এবং বাক্যের শুরুতেই বসে। এরপর Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।

Active Voice	Passive Voice
What does he want?	What is wanted by him?
Which book do you like?	Which book is liked by you?
Why did you punish him?	Why was he punished by you?
How did you solve the sum?	How was the sum solved by you?

মনে রাখার সহজ উপায়:
Wh-word + Auxiliary Verb + Subject (Active এর Object) + V3 + by + Agent.

Voice Change in Sentences with Infinite Constructions

(ক্রিয়াপদের Infinite form-এর ব্যবহারযুক্ত বাক্যের কর্মবাচ্য)

Active Voice (English & Bengali)	Passive Voice
You have to do this work. (তোমাকে এই কাজটি করতে হবে)	This work has to be done by you.
I have to admit my own fault. (আমাকে নিজের দোষ স্বীকার করতে হবে)	My own fault has to be admitted (by me).
He has much money to spend. (তার খরচ করার অনেক টাকা আছে)	There is much money to be spent by him.
Today I have no time to waste. (আজ আমার নষ্ট করার কোনও সময় নেই)	Today there is no time to be wasted (by me).

■ Note : লক্ষ কর যে Infinitive Verb-টিকে Passive করতে হলে 'to' রেখে তার পরে 'be' এবং Verb-টির Past Participle form বসাতে হয়।

Passive Voice of Verbs with Objects Followed by Infinitives

(কর্মপদের পরে Infinite যুক্ত বাক্যের কর্মবাচ্য)

Active Voice	Passive Voice
I saw him buy the book. (আমি তাকে বইটি কিনতে দেখেছিলাম)	He was seen (by me) to buy the book.
My father made me recite the poem. (বাবা আমাকে কবিতাটি আবৃত্তি করালেন)	I was made to recite the poem by my father.
They compelled me to sign the deed. (তারা আমাকে দলিলে সই করতে বাধ্য করেছিল)	I was compelled by them to sign the deed.
The circus-clown made us laugh. (সার্কাসের জোকার আমাদের হাসিয়েছিল)	We were made to laugh by the circus-clown.

■ Note : Active Voice-এ মূল Verb-এর Object-টি Passive Voice-এর Subject-এ পরিবর্তিত হয়। মনে রাখবে, 'make', 'see', 'hear' ইত্যাদির পর Active-এ 'to' উহ্য থাকলেও Passive-এ 'to' ফিরে আসে।

Voice Change: Omitting the Agent & Complex Sentences

1. Passive to Active (Agent উহ্য থাকলে)

অনেক সময় Passive Voice-এ কাজটা কে করেছে তার উল্লেখ থাকে না। Active করার সময় প্রসঙ্গ অনুযায়ী Someone, People, They, Circumstances ইত্যাদি Subject হিসেবে আনতে হয়।

Passive Voice	Active Voice
He was misguided.	Someone misguided him.
I was robbed on the way.	Someone (or They) robbed me on the way.
Promises should be kept.	One should keep one's promise.
Rome was not built in a day.	The Romans did not build Rome in a day.
He is known to be a thief.	People know him to be a thief.

■ Note : ওপরের বাক্যগুলোতে 'someone', 'circumstances', 'one', 'the Romans', 'people' প্রভৃতি শব্দগুলোকে 'কর্তা' (Subject) হিসেবে আনা হয়েছে। এটি কোনো নির্দিষ্ট নিয়মের চেয়ে প্রসঙ্গের (Context) ওপর বেশি নির্ভর করে।

2. Passive Voice of Complex Sentences

জটিল বাক্যের কর্মবাচ্যে রূপান্তর

Active Voice	Passive Voice
I know that he did the work.	It is known to me that the work was done by him.
He told me that he would buy the book.	I was told by him that the book would be bought by him.
We know that Columbus discovered America.	That America was discovered by Columbus is known to us.
People say that one knows a tree by its fruit.	It is said that a tree is known by its fruit.

Sentence with Verbal Noun, Preposition & Object

(Verbal Noun সমন্বিত Preposition এবং কর্মের সঙ্গে বাক্যের Passive form)

Active Voice (English & Bengali)	Passive Voice
We saw the feeding of the tigers. (আমরা বাঘগুলির খাওয়ানো দেখেছিলাম)	We saw the tigers being fed.
I saw the opening of the new theatre. (আমি নতুন রঙ্গমঞ্চটির উদ্বোধন দেখেছিলাম)	I saw the new theatre being opened.
A new law has been passed against the hunting of tigers.	A new law has been passed against tigers being hunted.
Students have appealed for the holding of the examination.	Students have appealed for the examination being held.
He saw the painting of this portrait. (তিনি এই প্রতিকৃতির আঁকা দেখেছিলেন)	He saw this portrait being painted.

বিশেষ দ্রষ্টব্য: Intransitive Verbs

মনে রেখো: নিচের Verb গুলি অকর্মক বা Intransitive, তাই এদের Passive Voice হয় না:

die, appear, seem, disappear, happen, belong, despair (of), allude, occur, ensure, result, wonder, comprise, perish, issue, indulge প্রভৃতি।

Interrogative Voice Change: Who & Modals

Group C: 'Who' দিয়ে প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্য

নিয়ম: 'Who' দিয়ে বাক্য শুরু হলে Passive করার সময় প্রথমে 'By whom' বসে। বাকি পরিবর্তনগুলো সাধারণ Interrogative নিয়মে হয়।

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Who does the job?	By whom is the job done?
Who did the sum?	By whom was the sum done?
Who will paint the picture?	By whom will the picture be painted?
Who is building this house?	By whom is the house being built?
Who has broken the glass?	By whom has the glass been broken?

Group D: Modals (Can, May, Should, Must)

Modals যুক্ত প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যে Modal + Object + be + V3 গঠনটি ব্যবহার করা হয়।

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Can I do it?	Can it be done by me?
May you help me?	May I be helped by you?
Should he respect an antisocial?	Should an antisocial be respected by him?
Must I meet him?	Must he be met by me?
Ought I to give him a test?	Ought he to be given a test?

PKG ENGLISH STUDY CENTRE

"Gateway to Excellence" | Estd. 2009

HOME TASK: Advanced Voice Change

Total Marks: 20 | Class: IX - XII | Date: _________

Group A: Imperative Sentences (Let / Should / You are requested)

Open the window.
Do not insult the poor.
Kindly grant me leave.
Obey your parents.
Let him do the work.

Group B: Quasi-Passive

The rose smells sweet.
The stone feels rough.
The drums are beating.
The book is printing.
Lemons taste sour.

Group C: Interrogative (Questions)

Who broke the glass?
Whom did you see?
Have you finished the task?
Why did he punish you?
Will you help me?

Group D: Modal Auxiliaries & Misc

One must keep one's promise.
You might win the match.
We ought to love our country.
The police could not catch the thief.
Circumstances obliged me to go.

By PKG SIR
Website: www.pkgway.in